PERAN RADIOLOGI KONVENSIONAL PADA SPONDILITIS ANKILOSA
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a type of spondyloarthritis (SpA). Chronic progressive inflammatory process in autoimmune disease like AS may lead to fibrosis and calcification leading to loss of flexibility and fusion of the spine. The structures that are often involved are spinal joints, sacroiliac joints, tendons and ligaments in the surrounding area. MRI is the best way to detect abnormalities in the structures involved in AS, but the availability of MRI is still very limited. Until recently, classical radiology was the preferred modality for AS due to its easy availability and low cost. The role of conventional radiology is to help make the diagnosis, determine the location of the involved joints, monitor the progress of AS, and determine the patient's prognosis. Conventional radiology is used to assess the structure of the spine and sacroiliac joints which are included in the diagnostic criteria such as the Modified New York Criteria and the scoring systems that are often used such as the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Radiology Index (BASRI), Modified Stoke Ankylosing Spondylitis Spine Score (mSASSS) and Radiographic Ankylosing Spondylitis Spine Score (RASSS)
Keywords: Ankylosing Spondylitis, Conventional Radiology, BASRI, mSASSS, RASSS
ABSTRAK
Spondilitis Ankilosa (SA) adalah salah satu dari jenis Spondiloartritis (SpA) yang merupakan penyakit autoimun. Pada SA, terjadi proses inflamasi yang bersifat kronis progresif yang dapat menyebabkan fibrosis dan kalsifikasi sehingga mengakibatkan hilangnya fleksibilitas serta fusi dari tulang belakang. Sendi yang terlibat pada umumnya melibatkan sendi-sendi pada daerah aksial yaitu sendi tulang belakang, sendi sakroiliak, serta tendon dan ligamen pada area sekitarnya. MRI merupakan modalitas yang baik untuk mendeteksi kelainan struktur yang terlibat pada SA namun ketersediaan MRI masih sangat terbatas. Sampai dengan saat ini, radiologi konvensional merupakan modalitas pilihan pertama untuk SA karena ketersediaannya yang mudah dan harga yang murah. Radiologi konvensional berperan dalam membantu menegakkan diagnosa, menentukan lokasi sendi yang terlibat, memonitor progresivitas SA, serta menentukan prognosis dari pasien. Radiologi konvensional digunakan untuk menilai struktur tulang belakang dan sendi sakroiliak yang termasuk dalam suatu kriteria diagnosis seperti Modified New York Criteria dan sistem skoring yang sering digunakan saat ini seperti Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Radiology Index (BASRI), Modified Stoke Ankylosing Spondilytis Spine Score (mSASSS) dan Radiographic Ankylosing Spondylitis Spine Score (RASSS).
Kata Kunci: Spondilitis Ankilosa, Radiologi Konvensional, BASRI, mSASSS, RASSS
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.32883/hcj.v7i1.1609
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