HUBUNGAN NYERI TEKAN PERIKRANIAL DENGAN JENIS NYERI KEPALA TIPE TEGANG PADA REMAJA
Abstract
Abstract
Tension-type headache-TTH in children and adolescents is still an important problem in the world. Its prevalence varies with age and sex. The main impact of frequent and chronic TTH in children and adolescents is impaired quality of life, the risk of medication overuse, and the increase in the number of absent from school. The recurrent and chronic episodic TTH is associated with an increased incidence of pericranial tenderness.Children with TTH have an increased incidence of pericranial tenderness and increased pressure sensitivity. This study aimed to determine the association between pericranial pressure pain with tension type of headache in adolescents.This study was an analytic study with cross sectional design with purposive sampling method. There were 71 samples of 12th grade students of SMA Negeri 1 Padang who met the criteria of inclusion and exclusion. The diagnosis of tension type headaches based on the 2018 PERDOSSI headache consensus. Measurement of pericranial was done tenderness by manual palpation and recorded total tenderness score (TTS). The results showed that the majority of respondents were women (70.4%) with median age of 17 years. The type of infrequent TTH was found in 65 samples (91.5%), the type of muscle that was mostly affected was M. trapezius and Temporalis. There was a significant difference in Total Tenderness Score (TTS) between the infrequent and frequent TTH groups (p: 0.000) based on Unpaired T-test analysis. It was concluded that TTS score correlated with the frequency of tension-type headaches (frequent TTH).
Keyword : tension-type headache, teens, pericranial tenderness
Abstrak
Nyeri kepala tipe tegang (Tension-Type Headache-TTH pada anak dan remaja hingga saat ini masih merupakan masalah penting di dunia. Prevalensinya beragam terhadap usia dan jenis kelamin. Dampak utama dari nyeri kepala frekuen dan kronik pada anak dan remaja yaitu menyebabkan gangguan kualitas hidup, resiko terjadinya penggunaan obat berlebihan (medication overuse), dan meningkatnya angka tidak masuk sekolah.TTH episodik berulang dan kronik diasosiasikan dengan meningkatnya kejadian tegang otot perikranial. Anak-anak dengan TTH memiliki peningkatan kejadian tegang otot perikrnial dan peningkatan sensitivitas tekanan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan nyeri tekan perikranial dengan jenis nyeri kepala tipe tegang pada remaja. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional dengan metode purposive sampling. Didapatkan 71 sampel siswa-siswi kelas 12 SMA Negeri 1 Padang yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan ekslusi. Penegakkan diagnosis nyeri kepala tipe tegang berdasarkan Konsensus nyeri kepala PERDOSSI tahun 2018. Pengukuran nyeri tekan perikranial dengan palpasi manual dan dicatat total tenderness score (TTS). Hasil penelitian didapatkan lebih banyak perempuan (70.4%), median usia 17 tahun. Jenis TTH infrekuen ditemukan 65 sampel (91.5%), jenis otot yang banyak terkena yaitu M. trapezius dan Temporalis. Dari uji t tidak berpasangan didapatkan perbedaan bermakna nilai total tenderness (TTS) antara kelompok TTH infrekuen dan frekuen (p: 0.000). Disimpulkan bahwa nilai TTS yang berkorelasi dengan kekerapan keberulangan nyeri kepala tipe tegang (TTH frekuen).
Kata kunci : nyeri kepala tipe tegang, remaja, nyeri tekan perikranial
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.32883/hcj.v5i4.894
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